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| What is the difference between energy storage battery and power battery? |
| Release time:2022-12-10 11:04:10| Viewed： |
What is the difference between energy storage battery and power battery?
According to incomplete statistics of relevant institutions, as of September this year, more than 26 expansion projects related to the production and manufacturing of energy storage batteries and power batteries have been announced, with total investment of more than 290 billion yuan and total capacity of 820GWh.
What is a power battery?
The power battery is the power source that provides power for tools, and it mostly refers to the battery that provides power for electric vehicles, electric trains, electric bicycles, golf carts, and unmanned aerial vehicles.
What is an energy storage battery?
Energy storage battery mainly refers to the battery used for solar power generation equipment, wind power generation equipment and renewable energy storage energy.
What is the difference between energy storage battery and power battery? Some people compare it to "converter" and "generator".
The process and product goals pursued by energy storage cells and power cells are different - according to different application scenarios, energy storage batteries are mostly used in power systems, which requires low cost and long life; The power battery is mainly used to provide power for vehicles, and pursues high energy density.
There are some differences between the two, and fewer and fewer can be shared on the production line. With the rapid development of the energy storage industry, the scale of the energy storage power station is often at the level of 100 megawatts or even gigawatts. The owner's appeal for customized and specialized energy storage batteries is soaring. In the planning of many leading lithium battery enterprises, setting up special production lines for energy storage batteries has been put on the agenda.
Different performance and application scenarios Lithium ion batteries can be classified into consumer, power and energy storage batteries according to their application fields. At present, power batteries and energy storage batteries are the areas with the greatest potential for the future development of lithium batteries. In essence, batteries used for electric vehicles and batteries used for energy storage equipment are energy storage batteries.
There is no difference in technical principles between energy storage battery and power battery, but due to different application scenarios, actual applications have different requirements on their performance, service life, etc.
There are some differences between power lithium battery and energy storage lithium battery, but they are the same from the point of view of battery cell. Both ternary lithium battery and lithium iron phosphate battery cell can be used. The main difference lies in the BMS battery management system. The power response speed, power characteristics, SOC estimation accuracy, charge and discharge characteristics of the battery can be realized on the BMS.
Power and energy storage battery system products can be divided into battery cells, modules and battery packs according to different product forms. The battery cell is the core basic component unit of the power battery product. A certain number of battery cells can form modules, and further assemble a complete set of battery packs. The final form of application in new energy vehicles is battery packs.
Structure and cost composition of energy storage battery and power battery system Power battery PACk: Power battery PACK refers to the battery pack of new energy vehicles, which provides energy for vehicle operation. The vehicle power battery PACK is basically composed of the following five systems: battery module, battery management system, thermal management system, electrical system and structural system.
The cost of the power battery system consists of such comprehensive costs as battery cells, structural parts, BMS, boxes, auxiliary materials and manufacturing expenses. Battery cells account for about 80% of the cost, and the cost of packs (including structural parts, BMS, boxes, accessories, manufacturing expenses, etc.) accounts for about 20% of the cost of the entire battery pack.
Electrochemical energy storage system:
The complete electrochemical energy storage system is mainly composed of battery pack, battery management system (BMS), energy management system (EMS), energy storage converter (PCS) and other electrical equipment.
The battery pack is the main component of the energy storage system; The battery management system is mainly responsible for battery monitoring, evaluation, protection and balance; The energy management system is responsible for data acquisition, network monitoring, energy scheduling, etc; The energy storage converter can control the charging and discharging process of the energy storage battery pack and conduct AC/DC conversion.
Among the cost components of the energy storage system, the battery is the most important component of the energy storage system, accounting for 60% of the cost; The second is energy storage inverter, accounting for 20%, EMS (energy management system) cost accounting for 10%, BMS (battery management system) cost accounting for 5%, and others accounting for 5%.
BMS difference between energy storage battery and power battery In the battery pack, BMS (battery management system) is the core, which determines whether the various components and functions of the battery pack can be coordinated, and is directly related to whether the battery pack can safely and reliably provide power output for electric vehicles. Of course, the connection process, space design, structural strength and system interface of structural parts also have an important impact on the performance of the battery pack.
The energy storage battery management system is similar to the power battery management system, but the power battery system is on a high-speed moving electric vehicle, which has higher requirements for the power response speed and power characteristics of the battery, the accuracy of SOC estimation, and the number of state parameter calculations. The relevant adjustment functions also need to be realized through the BMS.
Large difference in cycle life between energy storage battery and power battery
Related to material, compaction density, etc
The cycle life requirements of power battery and energy storage battery are quite different. Taking the electric vehicle as an example, the theoretical life of the ternary lithium iron phosphate battery pack is 1200 times. According to the frequency of use, the battery is fully charged and discharged once every three days and 120 times a year. The calendar life of the ternary lithium battery reaches ten years.
Energy storage batteries are charged and discharged more frequently. Under the same 10-year calendar life, they have higher requirements for cycle life. If energy storage stations and household energy storage are charged and discharged once a day, the cycle life of lithium energy storage batteries is generally required to be more than 3500 times. If the charge and discharge frequency is increased, the cycle life is generally required to be more than 5000 times.
From the perspective of battery structure, such factors as material type, positive and negative electrode compaction density, moisture, coating film density, etc. will affect the battery cycle performance. |
