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| Clarify the identity of the market subject New energy storage accelerates " |
| Release time:2022-12-14 15:08:49| Viewed： |
Clarify the identity of the market subject New energy storage accelerates "charging"
When the power consumption is low, the stored energy is "charged" and stored through the power grid, and then released when the power consumption peak is reached to ensure the stability of the power system. This principle is similar to the "charging treasure" energy storage power station, which has been widely used throughout the country in recent years, and has played an important role in stabilizing the power supply.
A few days ago, the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration issued the Notice on Further Promoting the Participation of New Energy Storage in the Power Market and Dispatching Application (hereinafter referred to as the Notice), specifying that new energy storage can participate in the power market as independent energy storage, and deploying its market mechanism, price mechanism and operation mechanism. According to the analysis of insiders, this will strongly promote the development of the new energy storage industry, and thus provide strong support for China to build a new power system.
What is new energy storage?
——New energy storage technologies other than pumped storage, including new lithium ion batteries, liquid flow batteries, compressed air, etc
Have you ever seen a power station that does not burn coal or natural gas but lets the air "show its skill"?
On May 26, Jiangsu Jintan Salt Cave Compressed Air Energy Storage Project was officially put into operation. Cao Qingwei, the chairman of Jiangsu Company of China Huaneng Group, who is responsible for the construction, operation and maintenance of the project, introduced to our reporter that as the world's first non afterburning compressed air energy storage power station, the power station does not burn coal or natural gas, but drives the turbine generator set to rotate and generate electricity through compressed air. When the power consumption is low, the air is compressed into the salt cavern by using electric energy, and then released to generate electricity at the peak of power consumption. After the project is put into operation, it can provide the local power grid with a peak shaving capacity of 60000 kilowatts. One energy storage cycle can store 300000 kilowatt hours of electricity. The peak shaving electricity will be increased by about 100 million kilowatt hours every year, realizing the "peak shaving and valley filling" of power supply and demand.
Compressed air energy storage is a new type of energy storage technology, which can be commonly understood as a "charging treasure". As power is generated and used immediately, it is often necessary to increase power investment according to peak load demand, which is not only expensive, but also prone to power supply surplus. The use of energy storage technology to store electricity at the low ebb of power consumption and release it at the peak of power consumption can effectively avoid the "uneven busy" of the power system and ensure the stability of power supply.
"The new energy storage is relative to the traditional energy storage." Zeng Ming, director of the Energy Internet Research Center of North China Electric Power University, introduced to our reporter that the main representative of traditional energy storage is pumped storage power plants, while new energy storage refers to new energy storage technologies other than pumped storage, including new lithium ion batteries, liquid flow batteries, compressed air, mechanical energy storage, etc.
"In recent years, the traditional energy storage represented by pumped storage power plants has developed rapidly, the technology is relatively mature, and the application is relatively extensive." Zeng Ming said that promoting the development of new energy storage on this basis is closely related to its fast response, wide functions, flexible configuration, short construction period and other characteristics. From the perspective of site selection layout, the new energy storage can be laid out with more space and stronger environmental adaptability. It can be deployed on the power generation side, power grid side and user side, and can be large-scale or distributed. From the perspective of function, the new energy storage can play a role in peak shaving, frequency modulation, etc., and can also be used as a backup power source to smooth the fluctuation of wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation.
In recent years, China has accelerated the development and utilization of renewable energy, and the concept of green and low-carbon has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. However, wind power and photovoltaic have the characteristics of "eating from the sky". When it is "extremely hot and windless" and "extremely cold and dark", it is easy to cause fluctuations in the power supply. "To maintain the stability of frequency and voltage, it is necessary to systematically dispatch energy storage resources to smooth the fluctuation of new energy power generation." Zeng Ming said that this includes the unified dispatching of the power system and the optimal dispatching within the scope of the distributed new energy storage itself. New business forms such as virtual power plants in recent years can also ensure power stability by dispatching energy storage resources.
Clarify the identity of market subject ——The new energy storage can be used as an independent energy storage to participate in the power market; If the independent energy storage power station transmits power to the power grid, its corresponding charging energy will not bear the transmission and distribution price, government funds and surcharges
With the accelerated development of renewable energy, the construction of new energy storage projects in China has been significantly accelerated. By the end of 2021, the cumulative installed capacity of new energy storage in China has exceeded 4 million kilowatts. Application scenarios such as "new energy+energy storage", energy storage with conventional thermal power configuration, and smart micro grid have emerged. The business model has been gradually expanded, and the supporting role for energy transformation has initially emerged.
However, due to the unclear status orientation and investment return mechanism of the new energy storage in the electricity market, the enthusiasm of the market players for investment and construction has been affected to some extent. "In the past, the relevant market rules mainly defined the participation of energy storage in the peak shaving and frequency modulation auxiliary service market, but the rule design for energy storage to participate in medium and long-term transactions, spot transactions and other markets, especially the access standards and registration, trading and settlement rules, still need to be refined and improved." Huang Bibin, deputy director of the Institute of New Energy and Statistics of State Grid Energy Research Institute, told our reporter.
From the power generation side, at present, most domestic new energy storage units are operated jointly with new energy or thermal power generation units. The regulation function of energy storage is used to improve the frequency regulation performance of thermal power plants and obtain compensation for auxiliary frequency regulation services. The relevant benefits are not high. In terms of independent energy storage, if the charging and discharging price mechanism is not clear, and the traditional electricity user and generator unit price mechanism is referred to, when the power station uses the electricity supplied by the grid for charging, it needs to pay the grid price, transmission and distribution price, government funds, surcharges and related taxes as the power user; However, when discharging to the power grid, the independent energy storage is equivalent to the generator set, and only benefits such as electricity price and auxiliary services are obtained. When the power grid sells the electricity released by independent energy storage to the end user, the buyer still needs to pay the transmission and distribution electricity price, government funds and surcharges.
In order to better promote the development of new energy storage industry, the Notice issued this time proposes that new energy storage can participate in the power market as independent energy storage. At the same time, accelerate the promotion of independent energy storage to participate in the power market and cooperate with the power grid peak shaving. If an independent energy storage power station transmits power to the power grid, its corresponding charging energy will not bear the transmission and distribution electricity price, government funds and surcharges.
"We encouraged the signing of market contracts in peak and low periods, and refined the profitability of independent energy storage to participate in the power market. We made it clear that the charging power will not bear the transmission and distribution price, government funds and surcharges, which solved the problem of unclear pricing mechanism of the original charging power, and is conducive to promoting the development of independent energy storage and making profits in the market." Huang Bibin said.
Taking Shandong Province, which has an independent energy storage power station, as an example, according to the purchasing price released by the State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company in March this year, the electricity transmission and distribution price per kilowatt hour for power users of 220kV and above is 0.1169 yuan/kilowatt hour, and the government funds and surcharges are about 0.027 yuan/kilowatt hour. The insiders said that after the implementation of the new policy, the independent energy storage participating in the Shandong spot market will directly benefit, and the electricity yield is expected to increase by 0.1 yuan to 0.2 yuan/kWh.
Accelerate the development of large "power packs"
——New energy storage at power generation side, user side and grid side can participate in market transactions; Accelerate technical support to promote high-quality development of new energy storage
On May 27, the civil works of flywheel energy storage project of Ningxia Electric Power Lingwu Company of National Energy Group were completed, becoming the first full capacity "flywheel energy storage thermal power combined frequency modulation" project in China, and also the project with the largest flywheel energy storage unit power and the largest total energy storage in the world. "The biggest feature of this project is full maglev, low energy consumption, fast response, and the life cycle can be designed to be 25 years. During this life cycle, more than 10 million times of storage and discharge can be achieved, and the conversion between charging and discharging can reach millisecond level, which can effectively meet the requirements of rapid frequency modulation of the power grid." Diao Shijun, deputy general manager of Ningxia Electric Power Lingwu Company of National Energy Group, told reporters.
At present, the new distributed energy storage is mainly used to regulate the instability of power generation. The Notice proposes that new energy storage projects existing in the form of allocation construction should be encouraged to participate in the power market in accordance with existing relevant rules by combining with other types of power sources that are allocated and regarded as a whole. At the same time, encourage new energy stations and energy storage facilities to jointly participate in the market, use energy storage to improve the network related performance of new energy, and ensure the efficient consumption and utilization of new energy.
"Encouraging the joint participation of new energy distribution and its power supply in the power market will help new energy storage to better implement the mid - and long-term trading with curves by time periods, improve the performance ability of new energy in the spot market, and provide more support for power system regulation, which will further promote the development of new energy storage technology on the new energy side on the basis of cooperating with new energy to complete the output deviation assessment and reduce power abandonment." Huang Bibin said.
In addition to the power generation side, the Notice also puts forward requirements for the marketization construction of new energy storage on the user side and the grid side, clearly supporting the development of user side energy storage, "moderately increasing the peak valley price difference, creating space for the development of user side energy storage", "encouraging further increasing the upper and lower price of power in the medium and long-term market and spot markets, guiding the user side to actively configure new energy storage, and increasing the revenue channels for user side energy storage". At the same time, it is required to establish the grid side energy storage price mechanism.
Huang Bibin told the reporter that taking the lithium-ion battery energy storage, which has developed rapidly in recent years, as an example, the current system construction cost is about 1500 yuan to 2000 yuan/kWh, but the life cycle electricity cost is still 2-3 times that of pumped storage. "The issuance of the Notice will create conditions for new types of energy storage, such as lithium ion battery energy storage, to participate in various power markets and obtain reasonable benefits."
The growth of the new energy storage industry is also inseparable from technological innovation. Huang Bibin believes that at present, China's new energy storage technology has made great progress, but core indicators such as efficiency, capacity and life still need to be broken through, especially when the new energy output time is limited under extreme weather conditions, there is a lack of new energy storage technology with large capacity and long cycle for system regulation. He suggested that in the future, with the goal of meeting the power supply guarantee and the safe and stable operation of the power grid, we should focus on promoting the R&D and system integration of new energy storage core technology and equipment with large capacity, long cycle, low cost and high security, and boost the new energy storage industry to achieve high-quality development by deepening the collaborative innovation of industry, university, research and application, and carrying out demonstration applications.
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