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| Is the power battery industry moving westward? |
| Release time:2022-12-29 09:43:05| Viewed： |
Is the power battery industry moving westward?
"At present, the inevitable trend of China's power battery industry development is to transfer to the west, especially to Sichuan." For the future industrial development, Ouyang Minggao, an academician of the CAS Member, predicted this at the recent World Power Battery Conference, and pointed out that this is one of the important reasons why Ouyang Minggao is located in Yibin, Sichuan.
The next obvious phenomenon is that western cities are "striding forward" to develop the power battery industry. For example, Yibin, Chengdu, Dazhou and other Sichuan cities are stepping up the implementation of battery projects, Qujing, Yuxi and other Yunnan cities are also laying out upstream and downstream industrial chains, and Guizhou Province has also introduced relevant policies to support the development of upstream and downstream raw material enterprises......
At the moment when the new energy vehicle market is becoming mature, a new round of regional agglomeration has emerged in the power battery industry chain, and its internal logic is worth pondering.
The power battery industry in western China is rising For a long time, strategic cooperation has been signed, construction has started, new companies have been established, and all parts of the country have been moving forward without stopping. The power battery industry is moving westward.
On July 29, Yiwei Lithium Energy Chengdu Power Storage Battery Phase I Project was officially launched in Chengdu Economic Development Zone. On July 30, Ningde Times signed a strategic cooperation framework agreement with Chengdu Municipal Government. At the same time, Ningde Times, Times Teleservice and Times Yongfu signed cooperation agreements with Xinjin District Government, Chengdu Communications Investment Group and Chengdu Environment Group respectively.
According to the data of Chengdu Municipal Bureau of Economy and Information Technology, four of the top ten domestic power battery enterprises in terms of vehicle loading in 2021 have settled in Chengdu. The planned capacity of lithium battery in Chengdu is more than 200GWh, accounting for 45.7% of the whole southwest region and 20% of the national capacity. It is one of the regions with the largest lithium battery manufacturing capacity in southwest China.
In addition to Chengdu, in Sichuan Province, Yibin signed 48 power battery and new energy vehicle supporting projects from January to July this year, and Meishan has also introduced 33 lithium battery industry projects.
Under the halo of the rise of lithium battery in Sichuan, other western cities are also vigorously developing the power battery industry.
On July 30, the "Ganfeng New Lithium Battery Technology Industrial Park and Advanced Battery Research Institute Project" was started in Chongqing, and it is planned to build the largest solid state battery production base in China. On August 2, Yiwei Lithium Energy and Yiwei Asia Co., Ltd. established Qujing Yiwei Lithium Energy Co., Ltd. to accelerate the implementation of battery projects previously signed. Last year, the new industrialization leading group of Guizhou Province issued the Guiding Opinions on Promoting the High Quality Development of Lithium Battery Material Industry, making Guizhou the first province in China to clearly support the development of lithium battery material industry at the provincial level.
Resource orientation and advantages of production factors
Chen Qishen, the research team of the Institute of Mineral Resources of the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, mentioned in the article "Discussion on the Development of China's Lithium and Its Downstream Power Battery Industry Chain" published in China Engineering Science by the Chinese Academy of Engineering that China is rich in lithium resources, with reserves ranking fourth in the world, about 8 × 10 ? tons, accounting for about 7% of the world's total reserves. At the same time, China has three kinds of resources: salt lake, spodumene, and lepidolite. Salt lake lithium is mainly distributed in Qinghai Province and Tibet Autonomous Region, spodumene is mainly distributed in Sichuan Province, and lepidolite is mainly distributed in Jiangxi Province.
From then on, the car enterprises and power battery giants that had ignited public opinion "choked" in the air, we can see that the cost of upstream raw materials of power batteries is very high. Seizing the upstream mineral resources has become a competitive means for power battery enterprises. Therefore, the western region, especially Sichuan, has obvious advantages in developing the power battery industry.
Fan Yongjun, secretary-general of Chengdu New Energy Automobile Industry Promotion Association, mentioned in an interview with China Automobile News that Sichuan is rich in lithium resources, accounting for more than half of the country, graphite resources are nearby, and hydropower prices are very cheap.
In addition, the "double carbon" strategy has changed from a global consensus to a global action. The carbon emissions of power batteries are mainly concentrated in the production of positive materials, negative materials and batteries, accounting for nearly 90% in total. Therefore, to achieve "zero carbon" for power battery, it is important to start from the upstream industrial chain, and the core is to solve the zero carbon problem at the energy end.
Therefore, from the perspective of long-term sustainable development of the battery industry, Sichuan is dominated by hydropower, and the proportion of green electricity reaches 80%, which solves the problems of energy consumption and carbon emissions of battery enterprises. According to the relevant person in charge of Ningde Times, this unique geographical location makes more than 80% of the energy of Yibin Plant in Ningde Times come from renewable energy hydropower, which can reduce 400000 tons of carbon emissions every year.
Compared with these cities, Yu Qingjiao, the secretary general of Zhongguancun New Battery Technology Innovation Alliance and the director general of the Battery Hundred Association, told the reporter of China Automobile News that "the power battery industry is gathering in the west, mainly focusing on lithium resources, green electricity and other advantages. The west is more suitable for the development of upstream raw material mining, processing and lithium battery manufacturing industries." He also mentioned that the price of production factors, including land and manpower, is also an advantage of the west.
Industrial chain cluster with "chain owner" effect
After the external resources are available, the key to the formation of regional industrial clusters is whether there are leading enterprises with their own "star aura". Yu Qingjiao told the reporter that "the chain development of lithium battery industry has distinctive characteristics. The landing of a power battery project often brings the settlement of an upstream and downstream industrial chain, promoting the continuous development of local industries."
Fan Yongjun also pointed out that if the local regional economy wants to develop well, it must combine local superior resources, tailor clothes, and then introduce specific investment policies to introduce leading enterprises, thus forming a positive cycle.
The development of power battery industry has shifted to the west, which is supported by many external factors, such as resources, policies, etc; The shift to Sichuan is mainly due to the industrial cluster effect brought by the "chain owner" enterprises such as Ningde Times.
Take Yibin as an example. Since September 2019, Yibin and Ningde Times have successively signed the first to tenth phases of Sichuan Times power battery projects, with a total investment of more than 64 billion yuan. Hu Mingjing, the second level inspector of Yibin City and the party secretary of Yibin Kaiyi Automobile Co., Ltd., has always been a pioneer and witness of the start and rise of the lithium battery industry in Sanjiang New Area and Yibin. According to his description, the process of introducing the Ningde era into Yibin City can be described as "ups and downs" and breakthroughs at different levels. Now, the local people believe that "when you come to Yibin, you must see the Ningde era in Sanjiang New Area".
Driven by the "chain owner" Ningde era, leading enterprises in the field of key components have followed up. Ouyang Minggao settled his only academician workstation in Yibin in September 2020. In 2021, Changying Precision will settle in Yibin. In recent years, many lithium battery enterprises, such as Time Geely, Suzhou Tianhua Ultraclean, Guangzhou Guoguang Electric, Guangyuan Lithium, and Yibin Lithium, have built factories in Yibin.
A changing Yibin is emerging. Mr. Li, a Sichuan native, told the reporter that there are many scientific and technological enterprises in Yibin. In addition to the lithium battery industry, the electronics industry is also good; Now Yibin has made new breakthroughs in its educational landscape. Sichuan University has set up a new campus in Yibin; The infrastructure of the whole city, including the construction of municipal roads and buildings, was rapidly updated.
Industrial agglomeration has just begun
However, some senior people in the power battery industry still hold a wait-and-see attitude towards the lithium battery industry cluster in Sichuan. He pointed out that, from a geographical point of view, Sichuan is in an earthquake zone, which is bad for battery manufacturing. There is still uncertainty in the future.
As mentioned in the aforementioned team article of the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, although Sichuan, Tibet and other western regions have rich resources, due to environmental protection constraints, the development environment at high altitude is harsh, the infrastructure construction cycle is long, and the short-term output growth is very limited.
Fan Zefang, secretary-general of Shanghai Auto Parts Industry Association, mentioned in an interview with China Auto News that compared with traditional automobiles, the new energy automobile industry chain is easier to form a cluster effect due to its shorter and more integrated chain. Industrial clusters built around the head enterprises or supply chains cannot be attracted by a single policy, but also need multiple factors such as talents and environment.
Zeng Yuqun, chairman of Ningde Times, pointed out at the 2022 World Power Battery Conference that mineral resources are not the bottleneck for the development of the power battery industry. The real challenges of the industrial chain and enterprises are mainly three points: first, consumers put forward requirements for R&D capabilities; Second, large-scale delivery requires higher manufacturing capacity; Third, the in-depth development of the industry puts forward higher requirements for service capabilities. These three points need special attention in the development of power battery industry in the western region.
Taking talents as an example, Ningde Times set up its Southwest Headquarters and Research Institute in Chengdu rather than Yibin, more because of Chengdu's talent attraction advantages in the whole western region. Although many people believe that the Chengdu High tech Zone under construction is comparable to Shenzhen in terms of its "atmosphere of doing business", others believe that Sichuan, known as the "Land of Abundance", is not able to attract talents because of its comfortable life and low cost. Although the lower labor cost is the advantage of the western region, the other side is the gap between the number and attraction of outstanding high-end talents and the eastern region.
Fan Yongjun pointed out that the development of power battery industry in the western region faces several bottlenecks: first, there are few R&D centers in the whole western region, and R&D talents are facing a gap; Second, the Pearl River Delta, Yangtze River Delta and other places that started earlier have complete industrial supporting facilities. At present, it still needs a process to transfer the supporting power battery industry to the western region; Third, the battery production is very precise. In addition to the equipment, there is also a need for engineers to operate the equipment. These people will face the situation of choosing again. He emphasized that during the battery production process, technical problems often arise due to different material suppliers and batches, which requires timely intervention of technical R&D personnel. In addition, there are few large well-known automobile enterprises in the west, and there are not many nearby supporting products, which also need to be transported out through logistics.
It is needless to say that the business environment and policy stability will be good for a long time. In order to create a good industrial cluster and form regional advantages, the leading role of leading enterprises is also very important. At present, in western cities, except Sichuan, there is no "chain owner" enterprise of such size as Ningde Times to make a big local layout. At present, the layout of "Ning Wang" is almost all over the country, such as Changzhou in Jiangsu Province and Yichang in Hubei Province, which are also important bases. It is uncertain whether there will be any tilt or adjustment later.
In addition, the power battery is a technology oriented industry, and technological changes may occur in the future. With the development soil of the power battery industry, how to take the lead in the future is also a problem.
At present, the industrial agglomeration in the west has just begun. Whether it can really develop and form a good industry is a test of the wisdom of the local government......
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