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| How to store energy more safely? |
| Release time:2023-01-30 11:12:13| Viewed： |
How to store energy more safely?
As an important part of the new power system, the energy storage industry has developed rapidly, and new projects are blooming all over the world. According to the analysis of China Chemical and Physical Power Industry Association, the cumulative installed capacity of global electrochemical energy storage projects has exceeded 21GW in 2021, with an increase of 7536.2MW in 2021, breaking through 7GW for the first time. At the same time, safety accidents of energy storage power stations around the world occur from time to time, causing serious personal safety and economic losses. In April 2022, the National Energy Administration issued the "Notice on Strengthening the Safety Management of Electrochemical Energy Storage Power Plants", which proposed 14 measures in five aspects and required all power enterprises to strengthen the safety management of electrochemical energy storage power plants with a high sense of responsibility and mission.
As we all know, lithium battery is the core component of electrochemical energy storage system. When the core temperature rises sharply due to internal and external excitation sources, the core may have a violent thermal runaway reaction, release flammable and explosive gases, and cause serious consequences such as fire and explosion. Generally speaking, there are five main inducements for safety accidents of lithium battery energy storage system:
1) Defects of lithium battery, such as manufacturing defects, short circuit of lithium analysis, and inconsistency of battery cells;
2) The circulating current between lithium battery clusters accelerates the deterioration of the cell;
3) External short circuit caused by insulation failure, internal short circuit caused by abnormal current and abnormal overheating;
4) High temperature, high humidity and other external environmental changes accelerate the aging of lithium batteries, resulting in insulation failure and short circuit, and finally contact heating out of control;
5) Improper management logic and hardware failure between BMS, EMS, PCS and other modules led to the failure of battery supervision, resulting in thermal runaway of lithium battery.
In order to realize the safety of the entire energy storage system, in addition to the safety of the body at the cell level, it is more important to integrate the electrochemical technology with the power electronics technology, thermal technology, digital technology, etc., and carry out the fine monitoring and management of each cell, battery pack, battery cluster and energy storage system to achieve active protection.
With years of accumulation in the fields of power electronics, energy storage technology and digital technology, Huawei has led the industry in the intelligent cluster energy storage solution. It uses the controllability of power electronics technology to solve the inconsistency and uncertainty of lithium batteries, and innovatively adopts the design of battery package level optimization, cluster level management, multiple security protection, etc. to achieve the refined monitoring and charging and discharging management of the energy storage system, Achieve higher usable capacity and higher security standards.
Huawei's intelligent tandem energy storage system comprehensively ensures safety by "3+1" through triple safety design+intelligent warning.
01 Structural safety
Huawei's intelligent cluster energy storage adopts a separate bin isolation design (i.e., energy storage bin, cluster controller bin, integrated control bin) to separate the battery and electrical compartment, while ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the monitoring and fire suppression system; The protection grade of the whole machine reaches IP55, the anti-corrosion grade of the box is C5, and the seismic fortification intensity is 9. High protection brings high reliability.
02 Electrical safety
Four-level active shutdown+two-level physical isolation, comprehensive overcurrent protection from battery pack and battery cluster to energy storage system, and from software to hardware: when the system detects the occurrence of overcurrent, it first triggers BMS to control the current limit of battery pack and battery cluster from the software side; If you continue to upgrade, the battery pack optimizer and cluster manager will be triggered to shut down from the hardware side; The last is the circuit breaker and fuse fuse protection, which can prevent the fault from spreading. In addition, when the energy storage system is not in operation, such as transportation and installation, the battery pack port voltage is 0V, which can effectively protect the safety of construction, operation and maintenance personnel.
03 Fire safety
In order to sense the environmental status of the energy storage system in real time, Huawei's smart cluster energy storage is equipped with a number of temperature, humidity, smoke sensor and other sensors. When combustible gas is detected, it can be actively discharged to avoid accumulation and explosion; After the exhaust system is shut down, the fire extinguishing device immediately sprays clean gas to quickly extinguish the fire and avoid the expansion of the accident.
04 Cloud BMS intelligent warning
In combination with Huawei's deep accumulation in the cloud and AI fields, the new generation of products is based on big data modeling and training, and innovative cloud short circuit patent algorithm is introduced to realize core level intelligent internal short circuit detection, early detection, early warning, and multi-level linkage protection. |
