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| Energy storage fire protection industry chain and market status |
| Release time:2023-02-09 09:28:31| Viewed： |
Energy storage fire protection industry chain and market status
The energy storage fire protection accounts for about 3% of the cost of the energy storage system. As the electrochemical energy storage safety is more and more valued by the owners of terminal power stations, the construction standards and requirements of the energy storage system fire protection equipment are gradually improving, and its unit value is also expected to increase gradually with the improvement of the fire safety standards and requirements.
The rapid development of the energy storage track has brought incremental demand to the fire industry, and the market scale has expanded rapidly in recent years.
According to NESP data, the market scale of energy storage fire protection in 2021-2025 is 175 million yuan, 705 million yuan, 2.157 billion yuan, 3.787 billion yuan and 7.481 billion yuan respectively, and the CAGR of 2021-2025 is 155.7%.
In 23 years, energy storage fire fighting is expected to start to increase rapidly. In 25 years, China's new energy storage capacity is expected to account for 30% of the global new capacity. Fire fighting enterprises will fully benefit from cooperation with domestic energy storage system integration manufacturers.
Energy storage fire protection industry chain
The raw materials at the upstream of the energy storage fire protection product industry chain mainly include structural parts, electronic components, chassis and fire extinguishing agent; Downstream application scenarios of energy storage are diversified, including new energy vehicles, electric bicycles and household energy storage in addition to energy storage power stations. With the expansion of the scale of energy storage, the fire safety standards will become more stringent, and the product demand prospect is broad.
Energy storage fire protection industry chain:
At present, the market is mainly dominated by traditional products, while the head company can achieve a complete set of solutions for the whole system (station level, cabin level, cluster level, PACK level), with obvious advantages in networking, integration, multi-level and other aspects.
At present, the factors restricting the development of the energy storage fire protection industry mainly include the lack of specifications and the immature technology.
In the aspect of fire fighting of lithium-ion battery energy storage system, solid fire extinguishing agent has little effect; The extinguishing efficiency of gas extinguishing agent is poor, and the cooling effect is limited; In addition to environmental protection and low cost, water-based fire extinguishing agent has obvious cooling and fire extinguishing effect.
Therefore, in view of the potential fire hazard of lithium batteries, especially the large energy storage lithium battery system, fire extinguishing protection should be carried out, and the design and development of a new type of high-efficiency, anti-re-combustion extinguishing agent and fire extinguishing agent release system and device should be beneficial to the development of the electrochemical energy storage and energy storage fire protection industry.
The pain point for the safety of energy storage power station is heat runaway
The difficulty of energy storage safety is that the thermal runaway is difficult to control, and it is easy to cause domino effect. According to the research, the thermal runaway of lithium battery (ternary, lithium iron phosphate) is caused by electric abuse, thermal abuse and mechanical abuse.
Electric abuse includes overcharge, over-discharge, forced discharge and high discharge rate; Heat abuse includes external heating and overheating; Mechanical abuse includes penetration, collision, dropping, vibration and immersion. External abuse is the direct cause of battery thermal runaway.
After a single lithium battery catches fire, the adjacent batteries in the battery module will also lose control of heat under the effect of heat abuse, and the entire battery module and battery cluster will be ignited, eventually leading to fire and even explosion in the energy storage station.
Thermal runaway warning is the front line of defense for the safety of energy storage power stations. Lithium-ion battery materials are flammable and explosive, and are prone to thermal runaway under various abuse. Therefore, the material safety of the battery body is the first line of defense for the safety of the energy storage power station. The second line of defense is process safety, which monitors the safety status of the lithium battery during operation, and gives early warning in case of abnormality. The last line of defense is fire safety, which blocks its spread after fire, extinguishes fire and prevents re-ignition.
The thermal out-of-control warning function is to cut off the power supply in case of thermal out-of-control through the linkage with BMS system before the fire. If a fire occurs inside the module, the fire extinguishing system will be triggered and the pack-level fire extinguishing will be carried out to prevent the further spread of the fire.
Compared with the fire alarm system, the thermal runaway alarm system is aimed at detecting the chemical and physical parameters inside the lithium battery before the fire, judging whether the thermal runaway occurs, and taking immediate measures once it occurs. Compared with the fire alarm system, the fire alarm system is an important measure to prevent the further spread of the fire.
Thermal runaway warning has high technical barriers. The detection of thermal runaway needs the help of sensors to transform the detected physical signals into electrical signals for transmission. The sensor is the front-end trigger device of the fire warning system, and is a high value-added product integrating physical sensing technology, automatic control, computer technology, data transmission and other technologies. There are high technical barriers in terms of technical content and production process.
In the aspect of fire extinguishing, the main media used are water, perfluorohexaone, heptafluoropropane and other media, which can put out the fire and prevent re-ignition. Among them, water cooling effect is the best, and heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing response time is the shortest. CO2, which is often used as fire extinguishing agent, will rekindle and is not suitable for extinguishing lithium battery fires.
Energy storage fire protection market pattern
From the perspective of industry market structure, the market concentration of CR3 in the fire protection product industry is not more than 4%, and the main domestic manufacturers of energy storage fire protection include Qingniao Fire Protection and Guoanda.
As the industry leader, Bluebird Fire has the first-mover advantage and has a product line of "multi-class, multi-brand and multi-performance", which can realize the full coverage from "early warning → alarm → fire prevention → evacuation and escape → fire fighting". |
